Pathological Effects of Radio Waves

A large region of the electromagnetic wave spectrum is oc- cupied by electromagnetic waves (or fields) in the radiofrequency band: high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and super- high frequency or microwave radiation.
The electromagnetic field spreads as electromagnetic waves (radio waves). The wave is formed at a distance greater than its length (lI.) from the source, in the wave zone where the electric and magnetic components of the electromagnetic field vary in phase (E == 377H) and the emission of energy is measured in terms of the power flux density (PFD) in watts (W/cm 2 ), milliwatts (mW / cm 2 ) , or microwatts (/lW/cm 2 )0 At a distance less than the wave- length from the source of radiation, i.e., in the zone of induction, the electric and magnetic components (E and H) do not vary in phase, and the emitted energy is evaluated either as the field in- tensity in volts per meter (V/m) or in amperes per meter (A/m). The energy decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the source (inversely proportional to the square or cube of distance).
Persons working with sources of HF and VHF radiation will eVidently be for the most part in the zone of induction, and the in- tensity of their irradiation may reach thousands of volts and tens of amperes per meter in the HF band (Nikonova, 1963) and hun- dreds of volts per meter in the VHF bands (Fukalova, 1964, 1968). So far as microwaves are concerned, persons working with micro- wave generators are as a rule in the wave zone. The intensity of irradiation for them may vary from several microwatts to several milliwatts per square centimeter (Gordon, 1958, 1966).